随着产科医疗质量的提高，居于孕产妇死亡首位的产后出血已经得到高度的重视，而妊娠相关静脉血栓栓塞征（PA-VTE）则逐渐成为导致孕产妇死亡的首要原因之一。PA-VTE的临床特点及治疗的特殊性决定了早期评估和预防工作的重要性。本文就妊娠相关静脉血栓栓塞征的风险因素及评估现状进行综述，以期为临床孕产妇VTE风险评估及预防提供参考。“,”With the improvement of the quality of obstetric medical care, postpartum hemorrhage, the leading cause of maternal death, has received high attention. And pregnancy associated venous thromboembolism (PA-VTE) has gradually become one of the leading causes of maternal death. The clinical characteristics of PA-VTE and the particularity of treatment determine the importance of early assessment and prevention. This article reviews the risk factors and current assessment status of PA-VTE, in order to provide references for clinical risk assessment and prevention of VTE in pregnant women.