悉德·菲尔德在《电影剧本写作基础》中说:写剧本有两种方法,一是先有了想法,然后按照这种想法去创造人物;一是创作一个人物,从人物身上产生出需求、动作和故事。《毕业证》的剧本应属后者。从影片的剧本结构可以看出,男主人公小人物“汤六一”的欲求以及为实现欲求所做出的种种努力,成为剧本创作的潜在核心与驱动力。《毕业证》在最初五分钟就开门见山、简明扼要地勾画出汤六一的职业与个人生活的部分。画外音叙事者用说书人的口吻介绍人物环境和人物简史,同时也透露出编剧的“小人物”平民视角。生 Syed Field said in “The Basics of Writing Screens” that there are two ways to write scripts: one is to have an idea first, and then create a character according to this idea; one is to create a character and generate needs from the character, Action and story. The “diploma” script should belong to the latter. As can be seen from the script structure of the film, the desire of the heroine, Tang Liyi, and the efforts made to fulfill the desire have become the potential core and driving force of script writing. In the first five minutes, the “Diploma” is a straightforward piece of cake outlining concisely the portion of Tang’s career and personal life. The voice-over narrator uses the narrator’s tone to introduce the personal environment and the brief history of the characters, and at the same time also reveals the writer’s “minor” civilian perspective. Health