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目的探讨青年脑出血临床特点,并分析其发病原因及危险因素。方法回顾性分析巩义市人民医院100例青年脑出血患者临床资料,观察其发病原因、危险因素、出血部位及预后等情况。结果 100例患者中有明确病因者92例(92.00%),其中包括结缔组织病4例(4.00%),尿毒症7例(7.00%),动脉瘤9例(9.00%),动静脉畸形12例(12.00%),高血压病60例(60.00%),同时无明确病因者8例(8.00%);常见危险因素为吸烟(45例,占45.00%),血脂代谢异常(51例,占51.00%),高血压(61例,占61.00%)等;出血部位包括:脑室出血2例,小脑出血4例,丘脑出血5例,脑干出血16例,脑叶出血18例,基底节出血55例。结论青年人脑出血最为常见病因为高血压、脑动脉瘤及脑血管畸形,主要危险因素是高血压、高血脂、吸烟、饮酒,出血部位以基底节为主。积极做好年轻人的体检工作,早发现、早治疗各种危险因素,可降低青年脑出血发生率。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of young cerebral hemorrhage and analyze its causes and risk factors. Methods The clinical data of 100 young patients with cerebral hemorrhage in Gongyi People ’s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The causes, risk factors, bleeding sites and prognosis were observed. Results There were 92 patients (92.00%) with definite causes in 100 patients, including 4 cases of connective tissue disease (4.00%), 7 uremia (7.00%), 9 aneurysms (9.00%), 12 (12.00%), hypertension in 60 cases (60.00%) and no definite cause in 8 cases (8.00%). The common risk factors were smoking (45 cases, 45.00%), abnormal blood lipid metabolism 51.00%), hypertension (61 cases, 61.00%) and so on. The bleeding sites included 2 cases of ventricular hemorrhage, 4 cases of cerebellar hemorrhage, 5 cases of thalamic hemorrhage, 16 cases of brainstem haemorrhage, 18 cases of cerebral lobe hemorrhage, 55 cases. Conclusion The most common causes of cerebral hemorrhage in young people are hypertension, cerebral aneurysm and cerebrovascular malformation. The main risk factors are hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, alcohol consumption and bleeding. Actively do a good job in young people’s physical examination, early detection, early treatment of various risk factors can reduce the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage in young people.