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全球2%~4%的青少年罹患脊柱侧弯，其中进展严重的患者需接受脊柱侧弯后路矫形术。此类手术耗时长、创伤大、失血失液量多，因此优化术中液体管理策略，以避免术中液体超负荷或容量不足对发育阶段青少年重要器官的损害，是手术成功的关键之一。目前此类手术术中液体管理策略尚无定论。文章围绕青少年脊柱侧弯后路矫形术术中的输液及输血策略，包括容量监测指标、补液方式、液体种类、血液保护、输血指征等方面的最新研究进展进行综述，旨在为此类手术中液体管理进一步优化提供新的思路，并为今后进一步研究提供理论支撑。“,”Approximately 2% to 4% of adolescents suffer from scoliosis worldwide. Among them, some patients with severe progression need to receive posterior orthopedic surgery. Concerning this kind of surgery is time-consuming and traumatic, which may lead to massive blood and fluid loss, thus optimization of the fluid management strategy to avoid damage caused by intraoperative excessive or insufficient fluid volume to important organs of adolescents is one of the keys to the success of the surgery. At present, there is no consensus on the strategies of fluid management in such surgeries. This paper reviewed the latest research advances in the strategy of intraoperative fluid infusion and blood transfusion, including volume monitoring indicators, fluid infusion methods, liquid types, blood conservation, and transfusion indications, to provide new ideas for further optimization of fluid management in such surgeries and theoretical support for further studies.