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目的:对重庆三峡库区2011年手足口病监测病例进行病原学及流行特征分析,为该病的防控提供科学依据。方法:采用real-time RT-PCR技术检测肠道病毒通用型、肠道病毒71型及柯萨奇病毒A组16型。结果:972份标本检出肠道病毒通用型阳性619份,咽拭子、肛拭子、疱疹液检出率分别为60.25%、72.99%、72.53%;同一病例咽拭、肛拭子检出率差别无统计学意义(χ2=0.4444,P=0.5050)。手足口病患病人群中各年龄组之间,男、女患病率差别无统计学意义;发病季节呈现两个高峰,第1个高峰为4月-6月,第2个高峰为11月-12月。结论:2011年引起重庆三峡库区手足口病流行的主要病原体为EV71和CoxA16病毒。手足口病病原学核酸检测阳性率与不同类型标本无明显相关性,与标本采集质量、数量成正相关。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease surveillance in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area in 2011, providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods: Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect enterovirus, enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A group 16. Results: 619 positive samples of enterovirus were detected in 972 samples. The detection rates of pharyngeal swab, anal swab and herpes fluid were 60.25%, 72.99% and 72.53% respectively. Throat swab and anal swab were detected in the same case Rate difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.4444, P = 0.5050). There was no significant difference between male and female prevalence among all age groups in hand-foot-mouth disease. There were two peaks in the disease season, the first peak was in April-June and the second peak was in November -December. Conclusion: The major pathogens causing HFMD in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area in 2011 are EV71 and CoxA16. Hand-foot-mouth disease etiology nucleic acid detection positive rate with different types of specimens no significant correlation with the specimen collection quality, quantity is positively correlated.