目前己报道了 10 0多种寄生虫的全长线粒体基因组。本文主要总结了后生动物门的线粒体基因结构 ,并且回顾了人类线虫和扁虫线粒体基因组的研究状况。一些蠕虫的全长或近于全长的线粒体基因组的发现 ,为蠕虫的种系发生分析和遗传变异性研究提供了极为丰富的遗传标记。本文举例说明了线粒体基因组在蛔虫、盘尾丝虫、血吸虫、片形属吸虫、并殖吸虫、棘口吸虫、棘球绦虫和绦虫属的研究中的应用 The full-length mitochondrial genome of more than 10 parasite species has now been reported. This paper summarizes the mitochondrial gene structure of the metazoan, and reviews the research on the mitochondrial genome of human nematodes and flatworms. The discovery of the full-length or near-full-length mitochondrial genome of some worms provides an extremely rich genetic marker for studying the phylogenetic analysis and genetic variability of worms. This article illustrates the use of mitochondrial genomes in the study of roundworms, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, paragonimiasis, paragonimiasis, echinococcus, echinococcus and tapeworms