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元江高镁低品位红土Ni矿开发利用的关键在于提取Ni的同时,重视金属Mg等金属的综合回收利用。本文针对真空碳热还原红土Ni矿脱除金属Mg的过程进行了研究,探索处理元江红土镍矿的新工艺。借助XRD分析手段分别考察了40 Pa压强下,不同温度、不同配碳量和催化剂对剩余渣物相和Mg脱除率的影响,并利用SEM、EDS等手段研究了冷凝产物的形貌、结构和成分。热力学分析和实验表明,真空碳热还原红土Ni矿脱除金属Mg在工艺上是可行的,在反应温度为1500℃、保温90 min、配碳质量比为100∶42的条件下,Mg的脱除率可以达到93.85%,得到主要成分为FeSi和SiC的剩余渣;Ni品位由1.18%提高到3.24%;金属Mg晶体呈层状冷凝的六方致密结构,其平均纯度达到94%以上。
The key to the development and utilization of Yuanjiang high-magnesium and low-grade lateritic Ni ore lies in the extraction of Ni and the comprehensive recovery and utilization of metal such as Mg. In this paper, the process of removing Mg by vacuum carbothermal reduction of laterite Ni ore was studied, and a new process of processing nickel ore of Yuanjiang laterite was explored. XRD analysis was used to investigate the influence of different temperature, different carbon content and catalyst on the residual slag phase and Mg removal rate under the pressure of 40 Pa. SEM, EDS and other means were used to study the morphology and structure of the condensed product And ingredients. Thermodynamic analysis and experiments show that the removal of metal Mg by vacuum carbothermal reduction of laterite Ni ore is technically feasible. Under the conditions of reaction temperature of 1500 ℃, holding time of 90 min and carbon mass ratio of 100:42, The removal rate can reach 93.85%, and the residual slag with the main components of FeSi and SiC is obtained; the Ni grade is increased from 1.18% to 3.24%; the metallic Mg crystal has a hexagonal condensed structure with layer-like condensation with an average purity of over 94%.