1　　自晚清新小说开始 ,文学的意义 ,往往与它所承担的启蒙使命紧密联系起来。“揭出病苦 ,引起疗救的注意” ,鲁迅这句解释他本人从事文学创作原因的话 ,基本上能够代表晚清至五四主流启蒙文学的文学观念与叙述立场。晚清以来的启蒙话语 ,常把中国比喻成一个沉疴在身的病体 , Since the late Qing novel, the significance of literature has always been closely linked with the enlightenment mission it undertakes. “Disclosing the Bitterness, Resulting in Attention and Treatment”, Lu Xun’s explanation of his own reasons for engaging in literary creation can basically represent the literary concepts and narrative positions of the enlightenment literature in the mainstream from late Qing to the May 4th. Since the late Qing enlightenment discourse, often compared to China as a sinking body in the body,