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[目的]观察胀果甘草(Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat)特异性成分甘草查尔酮A在全草中的分布情况。[方法]利用超声辅助的乙醇提取法制备新疆胀果甘草根、茎、叶和种子的提取物;利用硅胶薄层色谱法分析以上4种样品的斑点特征;利用制备薄层法分离薄层板上的特殊斑点并对所分离的单体成分进行结构分析。[结果]胀果甘草乙醇提取物在展开剂为乙酸乙酯∶石油醚∶甲酸(6∶4∶1)的薄层色谱条件下所显示的一种特殊亮黄色斑点被鉴定为甘草查尔酮A,此斑点仅存在于胀果甘草根和茎的提取物中,而不存在于叶和种子提取物中。[结论]甘草查尔酮A在甘草中主要分布在根和茎中。此结果为胀果甘草茎的药用开发及胀果甘草的快速品种鉴定奠定了一定的基础。
[Objective] To observe the distribution of licochalcone A, a specific component of Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat, in whole plant. [Method] The extracts of roots, stems, leaves and seeds of Glycyrrhiza inflata were prepared by ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction. The spots of the above four samples were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel. On the special spots and the separation of the monomer composition for structural analysis. [Result] A special bright yellow spot, which was shown by thin layer chromatography of ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza inflata on developing solvent ethyl acetate: petroleum ether: formic acid (6: 4: 1), was identified as licochalcone A, this spot is only present in the extracts of bulging licorice roots and stems, but not in leaves and seed extracts. [Conclusion] Licorice chalcone A mainly distributed in roots and stems in licorice. The results for the expansive licorice stem medicinal development and expansion of licorice rapid variety identification laid the foundation.