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AIM: To investigate the effects of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) to restrain the growth and invasive potential of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein.METHODS: The pcDNA3.1-HBx plasmid was transfected into Chang cells by Lipofectamine In vitro,and Chang/HBx was co-cultured with IFN-α.Cell survival growth curve and donogenicity assay were used to test the growth potential of Chang/pcDNA3.1,Chang/Hbxand IFN-a-Chang/HBx in vitro.Growth assay in nude mice was used to detect the growth potential of Chang/pcDNA3.1,Chang/HBx and IFN-α-Chang/HBx in vivo.Wound healing and transwell migration assays were used to detect the invasive ability of Chang/pcDNA3.1,Chang/HBx and IFN-α-Chang/HBx.RESULTS: Compared with CCL13 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1,CCL13 with stable expression of hepatitis B virus X protein showed the characteristics of malignant cells with high capability of growth and invasion by detecting their growth curves,colony forming efficiency,wound healing,transwell migration assays and growth assays in nude mice.Its capability of growth and invasion could be controlled by IFN-α.CONCLUSION: IFN-α can restrain the growth and invasive potential of HCC cells induced by HBx protein,which has provided an experimental basis for IFN-αtherapy of HCC.