In this study,several kinds of flexible protective materials sprayed with polyurea elastomers(hereinafter referred to as polyurea elastomer protective material) were adopted to meet the abrasion resistance requirement of hydraulic structures,and their abrasion resistances against the water flow with suspended load or bed load were studied systematically through tests.Natural basalt stones were adopted as the abrasive for simulation of the abrasion effect of the water flow with bed load,and test results indicate that the basalt stone is suitable for use in the abrasion resistance test of the flexible protective material.The wear process of the polyurea elastomer protective material is stable,and the wear loss is linear with the time of abrasion.If the wear thickness is regarded as the abrasion resistance evaluation factor,the abrasion resistance of the 351 pure polyurea is about twice those of pure polyurea with a high level of hardness and aliphatic polyurea,and over five times that of high-performance abrasion-resistant concrete under the abrasion of the water flow with suspended load.It is also about 50 times that of high-performance abrasion-resistant concrete under the abrasion of the water flow with bed load.Overall,the abrasion resistance of pure polyurea presented a decreasing trend with increasing hardness.Pure polyurea with a Shore hardness of D30 has the best abrasion resistance,which is 60 to 70 times that of high-performance abrasion-resistant concrete under the abrasion of the water flow with bed load,and has been recommended,among the five kinds of pure polyurea materials with different hardness,in anti-abrasion protection of hydraulic structures. In this study, several kinds of flexible protective materials sprayed with polyurea elastomers (hereinafter referred to as polyurea elastomer protective material) were adopted to meet the abrasion resistance requirement of hydraulic structures, and their abrasion resistances against the water flow with suspended load or bed load were studied systematically through tests were the abrasive for simulation of the abrasion effect of the water flow with bed load, and test results indicate that the basalt stone is suitable for use in the abrasion resistance test of the flexible protective material The wear process of the polyurea elastomer protective material is stable, and the wear loss is linear with the time of abrasion. IF the wear thickness is regarded as the abrasion resistance evaluation factor, the abrasion resistance of the 351 pure polyurea is about of pure polyurea with a high level of hardness and aliphatic polyurea, and over five times that of high-performance abrasion-resistant concrete under the abrasion of the water flow with suspended load. It is also about 50 times that of high-performance abrasion-resistant concrete under the abrasion of the water flow with bed load. Overall, the abrasion resistance of pure polyurea presented a decreasing trend with increasing hardness. Pure polyurea with a Shore hardness of D30 has the best abrasion resistance, which is 60 to 70 times that of high-performance abrasion-resistant concrete under the abrasion of the water flow with bed load, and has been recommended, among the five kinds of pure polyurea materials with different hardness, in anti-abrasion protection of hydraulic structures.