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目前关于农民上访行为变迁的研究大都集中在农民上访的分化、上访形式与性质的演变,缺乏对特定场域下不同阶段农民上访行为的历时性比较。本文依托田村16年的上访文本资料与口述材料,立足于农民的视角,以该地域范围内社会变迁过程中农民利益诉求的变化为线索,分析不同阶段农民上访的变化及其逻辑。农民的上访行为在不同时期会呈现出不同的阶段性特点,不同阶段的上访又存在相互的关联,在这个过程中农民上访的主体、规模、目标均会出现不同程度的变化,时而扩展,时而收缩,甚至收缩扩展交替,这种变化是渐进的弹性变动,变动的幅度取决于这个变迁区域中各种利益因素相互作用的结果。就田村上访的个案来看,农民认同和行动单位的变化与实际利益结构的变化影响着农民上访行为的弹性变化。这种变化与变迁背后又隐藏着农民回应性与权宜性交互的行动逻辑。
At present, the research on the changes of farmer petitions mostly focuses on the differentiation of petitions, the form and nature of petitions, and lacks the diachronic comparison of the petitions of peasants at different stages in a specific field. Based on the petition texts and oral materials of Tamura for 16 years, based on the perspective of peasants, this paper analyzes the changes and logic of peasant petitions at different stages with the change of peasants’ interest demands in the process of social changes in the region. The petitions of peasants will show different stage characteristics in different periods, and the petitions in different stages have the same connection with each other. In this process, the main body, scale and goals of peasant petitions will be changed to different extents, Shrinkage, or even shrinkage expansion alternating, this change is a gradual elastic changes, the magnitude of change depends on the changing area of the interaction of various interests of the results. In the case of Tian Village’s petitions, the changes in peasant identity and action units and changes in the actual interest structure have an effect on the flexible changes in peasant petitions. Behind this change and change is hidden behind the peasant response and expediency logic of action.