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蒙古—贝加尔裂谷的演化及其形成的动力学机制一直是地学界争论的焦点。至今,对其地热学的相关研究一直比较匮乏。本文根据前人对蒙古—贝加尔及邻区的独特地貌、构造和玄武岩火山岩浆作用的研究,并结合现今地表大地热流特征共同探讨了其地球动力学机制。根据最新大地热流分布特征表明:蒙古地区的高热流区(>120 mW/m~2)主要集中在蒙古Hangay穹窿北部Hovsgol裂谷及其周围裂谷内;贝加尔裂谷整体热流都较高,且贝加尔东北部热流达160 mW/m~2以上(比前人报道的更高),其中部热流也高(120 mW/m~2)。综合地热、地质与地球物理成果,本文认为晚新生代的地幔柱对蒙古—贝加尔地区的形成起着重要作用。
The evolution of the Mongolian-Baikal rift and the formation of its kinetic mechanism have always been the focus of debates among scholars and scholars. So far, the related research of geothermal has been relatively scarce. Based on the previous studies on the unique geomorphology and tectonism of the Mongolia-Baikal and its neighboring regions and the volcanic activity of basaltic volcanics, this paper explores the geodynamics mechanism of the geothermal volcano with the current characteristics of the surface heat flow. According to the latest geothermal heat distribution characteristics, it is shown that the high heat flow area (> 120 mW / m ~ 2) in Mongolia mainly concentrates in the Hovsgol rift and its surrounding rifts in the northern part of Hangayault Dome in Mongolia; the whole heat flux in the Baikal rift is high, The heat flow in the northeast reaches 160 mW / m ~ 2 (higher than the previous reports), and the heat flow in the middle part is also high (120 mW / m ~ 2). Taking geothermal, geologic and geophysical achievements into account, this paper argues that the late Cenozoic mantle plume plays an important role in the formation of Mongolia-Baikal region.