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目的分析2010—2014年我国放射性同位素的进出口情况,促进辐射安全监督管理更加合理、有效、科学。方法通过“国家核技术利用辐射安全管理系统”收集相关资料,分别对2010—2014年我国放射源和非密封放射性物质的进出口情况进行分析。结果 2010—2014年,我国每年进口铯-137、钴-60、镅-241和铱-192等20多种放射源,总量29 521枚,其中铯-137源(7 084枚)和钴-60源(6 409枚)进口量位居前二位(分别占24.00%和21.71%);非密封放射性物质主要涉及铱-192、钴-60以及硒-75等核素;放射性药品中钼-99(锝-99m)的进口量最大(占63.02%),其次为碘-131(占33.34%)和碘-125(占3.15%)。出口的放射源涉及铯-137、钴-60、镅-241以及氪-85等10多种核素,类别从Ⅰ到Ⅴ类全覆盖,出口总数达800多枚。结论我国生产高活度钴-60辐照源能力逐步提升,国内放射性药品的需求以及生产水平也逐步提升。
Objective To analyze the import and export of radioactive isotopes in China from 2010 to 2014 and to promote the radiation safety supervision and management more reasonable, effective and scientific. Methods Through the “National Nuclear Technology Radiation Safety Management System” to collect relevant information, respectively 2010-2014 China’s radioactive sources and unsealed radioactive material import and export situation analysis. Results From 2010 to 2014, China imported more than 20 kinds of radioactive sources such as cesium-137, cobalt-60, 镅-241 and iridium-192, with a total of 29 521 radioactive sources, of which cesium-137 source The imports of 60 sources (6 409) ranked the top two (24.00% and 21.71%, respectively); the unsealed radioactive materials mainly include radionuclides such as iridium-192, cobalt-60 and selenium-75; 99 (technetium-99m) imports the largest (63.02%), followed by iodine -131 (33.34%) and iodine -125 (3.15%). The exported radioactive sources involved more than 10 kinds of radionuclides, such as cesium-137, cobalt-60, 镅-241 and krypton-85. The categories covered were from Ⅰ to Ⅴ with a total of over 800 exports. Conclusions China’s ability to produce high-activity Co-60 irradiation sources has gradually increased, and the demand and production level of domestic radioactive drugs have also been gradually raised.