《第三帝国的兴亡》一书作者威廉·夏勒自希特勒上台起就专事采访德国新闻,1937年8月成为美国哥伦比亚广播公司(CBC)驻柏林记者。他和驻伦敦CBC欧洲部主任爱德华·默罗(1908—1965)早已料到纳粹兼并奥地利。1988年3月初,默罗去华沙安排一个教育节目,夏勒则前往维也纳。12日凌晨,夏勒用事先编好的暗语给默罗打电话:“客队已超过球门线。”默罗得知,这意味着德军已跨过奥地利边界。他随即乘坐包机飞抵维也纳上空,向英国听众现场直播德军进军维也纳的实况,美国电台同时转播。这是美国广播史上第一次新闻联播的开篇报道。战争状态下,新闻管制通常十分严格,交战双方(或至少一方)往往对有利于敌、不利于己的新闻报道实行封锁,处在敌方领土(势力范围)内或异域的特派记者与自己大本营的联系十分困难。不 William Schaller, author of “The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich,” interviewed German news media since Hitler took office, and in August 1937 became a correspondent for the CBC in Berlin. He and Edward Murrow (1908-1965), head of Europe at CBC in London, had already expected the Nazis to annex Austria. Early March 1988, Meruo went to Warsaw to arrange an educational program, and Schaller traveled to Vienna. On the early morning of the 12th, Schaller telephoned Meru with a preprogrammed exclamation: “The visiting team has crossed the goal line.” Merrion learned that this meant that the Germans had crossed the Austrian border. He then took a charter flight to fly over Vienna, to the British audience live broadcast of the German army to enter Vienna live, United States radio broadcast at the same time. This is the very first news coverage in the history of U.S. broadcasting. Under the state of the war, press control is often very strict. The two warring parties (or at least one side) often block news reports favorable to the enemy or others against themselves, and special correspondents and their own bases in the enemy’s territory (territory of influence) The connection is very difficult. Do not