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一、德、英两国的社会医疗保险模式 1、德国的社会医疗保险模式 德国是世界上最早实行强制性社会医疗保险的国家。二战后,德国政府又颁布了一系列法规对社会医疗保险体制进行调整完善,使得德国医疗保险系统成为一个完整的体系。德国社会医疗保险系统的突出特点是组织多元化、市场竞争机制强。政府不直接参与社会医疗保险的管理,只是制定强有力的法律框架,通过一些部门进行宏观调控。其社会医疗保险系统的组织基础是疾病基金会。疾病基金会由私人部门经营,受理事会管理,属于自我经营、独立核算的非盈利性组织。疾病基金会的数量很多,覆盖了90％的人口,每个基金会或负责某一地区、或负责一些特定的职业人群。在德国,每个人都有权加人社会医疗保险系统,可以自由选择保险组织
First, the German and British social health insurance model 1, Germany’s social health insurance model Germany is the world’s earliest mandatory social health insurance countries. After World War II, the German government promulgated a series of laws and regulations to adjust and perfect the social medical insurance system, making the German medical insurance system a complete system. The prominent feature of German social medical insurance system is the organization diversity and strong market competition mechanism. The government is not directly involved in the management of social medical insurance, only to develop a strong legal framework through some departments for macro-control. Its social health insurance system is organized on the basis of the Disease Foundation. The disease fund is run by the private sector and managed by the board of directors, belonging to a self-operated and independent accounting non-profit organization. The disease foundations are large in number and cover 90% of the population. Each foundation or area is responsible for a specific area of work or occupational groups. In Germany, everyone has the right to join a social health insurance system and is free to choose insurance organizations