论文部分内容阅读
本文系统地阐述了汉语四类语法范畴—体标记、结果补语、趋向补语和动量成分—在汉语中整齐的分布和一致的语法功能,简要追述了它们的形成及其前贤对它们的构词和句法效应的探讨。在此基础上,本文从作格化的角度对比了汉英动词的不同表现,指出汉语动词带上四类语法范畴后,作格化成为一种十分普遍的句法现象,而英语允许作格化的动词数量有限;汉语动词在动量成分阙如的情况下,名量成分可完成动量成分的功能。汉语的句法结构对这四类语法范畴具有很强的依赖性,它们内在的时体特征和语用功能强化了汉语的主题突出特征,也加强了汉语的作格性。
This paper systematically expounds the four Chinese grammatical categories - the body mark, the result complement, the direction complement and the momentum component - neatly distributed and consistent grammatical functions in Chinese, a brief recount of their formation and their predecessors on their word formation and Syntactic Effect. On this basis, this paper compares the different expressions of Chinese and English verbs from the perspective of making a grammatical approach. It is pointed out that when Chinese verbs are brought into four categories of grammar category, the transformation becomes a very common syntactic phenomenon, The number of verbs in Chinese is limited; in the absence of momentum components, Chinese verbs can fulfill the function of momentum components. The syntactic structure of Chinese has a strong dependence on these four categories of grammar. Their intrinsic tonal and pragmatic functions reinforce the salient features of the Chinese theme and reinforce the qualifications of Chinese.