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设计一种V型腔体式吸收器并将其应用在槽式太阳能集热器上用来产生中高温蒸汽。针对不同天气情况,对该系统产生蒸汽的效率进行实验研究和理论分析。结果表明晴朗天气条件下其系统效率为45.54%,平均瞬时效率为51.20%;多云天气条件下系统效率为32.25%,平均瞬时效率为48.97%。太阳能吸收器的热损失极大程度上决定着槽式蒸汽系统的热性能。分析V型腔体吸收器的热损,建立热损理论模型,理论计算结果与实验结果比较吻合,吸收器的主要热损来自辐射和对流热损。研究结果表明在0.15 MPa范围内V型腔体吸收器具有低热损和高效率。
A V-shaped cavity absorber is designed and applied to trough solar collectors to generate medium and high temperature steam. According to different weather conditions, the efficiency of steam generated by the system is experimentally studied and theoretically analyzed. The results show that the system efficiency is 45.54% and the average instantaneous efficiency is 51.20% in sunny weather conditions. The system efficiency is 32.25% in cloudy weather and the average instantaneous efficiency is 48.97%. The heat loss of the solar absorber largely determines the thermal performance of the trough steam system. The heat loss of the V-type absorber is analyzed, and the heat loss theory model is established. The theoretical calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The main heat loss of the absorber comes from the radiative and convective heat loss. The results show that the V-type cavity absorber has low heat loss and high efficiency in the 0.15 MPa range.