对我国国有企业改革出现的问题,应该重温马克思主义的基本理论,即人类经济社会历史的发展有没有规律性,如果有,其规律的运动方向是什么?回答是肯定的。那么,公有制就是人类经济社会发展的根本方向和历史趋势,而国有企业是公有制的主要成分。因此,深化改革不是要倒退到私有制,而是要在巩固和大力发展公有制基础上,鼓励多种经济成分共同发展。探讨公有制与市场经济相结合的规律,是人类当代面临的历史性挑战。 The problems that arise in the reform of state-owned enterprises in our country should be revisited on the basic Marxist theory that there is no regularity in the development of human socio-economic history and, if so, what is the direction of the law’s movement? The answer is affirmative. Then, public ownership is the fundamental direction and historical trend of human economic and social development, and state-owned enterprises are the main components of public ownership. Therefore, deepening reform does not mean going back to private ownership but means encouraging the development of various economic sectors on the basis of consolidating and vigorously developing public ownership. Exploring the law of combining public ownership with market economy is a historic challenge facing mankind.