目的 掌握福建省农村垃圾、污水综合治理现状,为各级政府对农村环境卫生决策提供科学依据.方法 于2006年9-12月,调查福建省农村21个县(市、区)的215个行政村,同时每村抽取10户进行垃圾收集与污水排放等情况的调查.结果 被调查村垃圾产量达40 837.4 t/月,生活性垃圾占32.2%,生产性垃圾占67.8%0其中,生活性垃圾随意丢弃与收集堆放的占23.7%,无害化处理(焚烧、高温堆肥、直接再利用)的占8.5%;生产性垃圾随意丢弃与收集堆放的占30.7%,无害化处理(焚烧、高温堆肥、直接再利用)的占37.1%.被调查村每月共产生污水948 195 t,其中,生活性污水占57.5%,生产性污水占42.5%.其中,生活性污水的处理率仅为0.6%,生产性污水的处理率为33.0%.结论 农村公共卫生设施配套建设滞后,垃圾和污水无害化处理率低,随意丢弃、任意堆放(排放)垃圾现象普遍存在,农村环境卫生问题亟待改善.“,”Objective To understand the current status of overall management and treatment of garbage and waste water in rural areas of Fujian, and to provide scientific evidence for governments at all levels to make policies in rural sanitation. Methods From September to December,2006,215 villages in 21 counties in Fujian rural areas were selected,and 10 families were sampled and investigated for garbage collection and waste water treatment from each village. Results In the investigated villages,the production of garbage amounted to 40 837.4 tons per month; and domestic and productive garbage accounted for 32.2% and 67.8% of the total,respectively. Among the domestic garbage,23.7% was randomly discharged or stacked,and only 8.5% went through harmless treatment (incineration,composting under high temperature or direct reuse). However,30.7% productive garbage was randomly discharged or stacked,and 37.1% went through harmless treatment. Every month,948 195 tons of waste water was produced in the investigated villages;57.5% of them were domestic and 42.5% were productive. Only 0.6% of the domestic waste water and 33.0% of the productive waste water were treated. Conclusion The rural public health infrastructure building is far lagged, with low rate of harmless treatment of garbage and waste water. Random littering and piling (discharging) garbage are common phenomena in rural areas. Thus,it is urgent to improve rural sanitation development.