目的　使目标人群预防艾滋病 /性传播感染 (AIDS/STI)相关知识水平提高 30 %以上 ,增强自我保护意识 ,进而改变高危行为 ,推广使用安全套 ,降低和减少AIDS/STI的危害。方法　按教育对象的年龄、教育程度、来源 ,随机分为教育组和对照组 ,教育组的干预方法采取同伴教育形式。干预前后通过问卷形式对各组进行干预效果评估。结果　教育组预防AIDS/STI知识知晓率提高 36 5 % ,而对照组无明显提高 ,安全套使用在干预前后未见差异。结论　同伴教育可以提高高危人群预防AIDS/STI知识的知晓率 ,但行为干预工作应在不同人群、从不同层面开展 ,以保证行为干预成果的持续性。 Objective To raise awareness of AIDS / STI in the target population by more than 30%, enhance self-protection awareness, change high-risk behavior, promote the use of condoms, and reduce or reduce the risk of AIDS / STI. Methods According to the age, educational level and source of educational objects, the methods were randomly divided into education group and control group, and the intervention methods of education group adopted the form of peer education. Intervention before and after the questionnaire to assess the effect of intervention in each group. Results In the education group, the awareness of preventing AIDS / STI increased by 36.5%, while there was no significant increase in the control group. There was no difference in condom use between before and after intervention. Conclusions Peer education can raise the awareness rate of AIDS / STI knowledge in high-risk groups. However, behavioral intervention should be carried out in different groups and at different levels to ensure the continuity of behavioral interventions.