目的了解血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的变化对脑白质损伤早产儿早期诊断的价值。方法观察组为脑白质损伤早产儿35例,对照组为正常早产儿35名。采用ELISA分别于生后1、7、14 d检测两组血清IL-6、NSE水平。结果对照组患儿生后第1、7及14天血清IL-6水平分别为(19.14±1.18)pg/ml、(19.14±1.14)pg/ml及(19.11±1.34)pg/ml,观察组患儿分别为(25.19±3.03)pg/ml、(24.48±2.97)pg/ml及(23.74±2.95)pg/ml,观察组显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均=0.000)。对照组患儿生后第1、7及14天血清NSE水平分别为(4.70±0.36)ng/ml、(4.31±0.29)ng/ml及(4.14±0.30)ng/ml,观察组患儿分别为(6.30±0.89)ng/ml、(6.05±0.86)ng/ml及(5.64±0.75)ng/ml,观察组显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均=0.000)。结论脑白质损伤早产儿血清IL-6和NSE的浓度明显高于对照组。监测早产儿血清IL-6和NSE水平,对脑白质损伤的诊断和治疗效果的评价具有一定临床价值。 Objective To investigate the value of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in the early diagnosis of white matter damage in preterm infants. Methods The observation group was 35 cases of premature infants with white matter damage and the control group was 35 normal premature infants. Serum levels of IL-6 and NSE were detected by ELISA at 1, 7 and 14 days after birth. Results The levels of IL-6 in the control group were (19.14 ± 1.18) pg / ml, (19.14 ± 1.14) pg / ml and (19.11 ± 1.34) pg / ml respectively on the 1st, (25.19 ± 3.03) pg / ml, (24.48 ± 2.97) pg / ml and (23.74 ± 2.95) pg / ml in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P = 0.000) . The levels of NSE in the control group were (4.70 ± 0.36) ng / ml, (4.31 ± 0.29) ng / ml and (4.14 ± 0.30) ng / ml on the 1st, (6.30 ± 0.89) ng / ml, (6.05 ± 0.86) ng / ml and (5.64 ± 0.75) ng / ml, the observation group was significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.000). Conclusion Serum levels of IL-6 and NSE in premature infants with white matter damage are significantly higher than those in the control group. Monitoring serum IL-6 and NSE levels in preterm infants may have certain clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment of white matter damage.