The patient with irregular menstruation went to our Department(Gynecological Department,the Third Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,China) with the complaint of no pregnancy at the age of 26 in 2007,and oral contraceptive pills were given when simple type of endometrial hyperplasia was pathologically diagnosed,and then ovulation induction was performed.But after nearly two years from the beginning of infertility treatment,endometrial stromal sarcoma was diagnosed and radical treatment was performed for the young patient.And the relative relationship between endometrial stromal sarcoma and infertility is worth discussing. The patient with irregular menstruation went to our Department (Gynecological Department, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China) with the complaint of no pregnancy at the age of 26 in 2007, and oral contraceptive pills were given when simple type of endometrial hyperplasia was pathologically diagnosed, and then ovulation induction was performed.But after nearly two years from the beginning of infertility treatment, endometrial stromal sarcoma was diagnosed and radical treatment was performed for the young patient. And the relationship relationship between endometrial stromal sarcoma and infertility is worth discussing