输血相关性急性肺损伤(transfusion-related acute lung injury,TRALI)是指在输血过程中或输血后6 h内发生急性呼吸窘迫综合征,以急性缺氧和非心源性肺水肿为主要特点[1],其临床表现及治疗手段与其它原因所致的急性呼吸窘迫综合征基本相同,但发病机制、预后及致死率等却大相径庭。TRALI因起病急、误诊率及致死率高越来越引起临床医师的重视。本文就1例TRALI病例进行报告,报告如下。 Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) refers to the acute respiratory distress syndrome that occurs during transfusion or within 6 h after transfusion, with acute hypoxia and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema as the main features [ 1], its clinical manifestations and treatment and other causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome are basically the same, but the pathogenesis, prognosis and mortality rates are very different. TRALI due to acute onset, misdiagnosis rate and high mortality rate caused by clinicians more and more attention. In this paper, a case of TRALI report, the report is as follows.