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本文以对理想政治运行模式的寻找为切入点,通过对马克思《法兰西内战》中关于巴黎公社的相关论述进行分析,提炼、总结出马克思在文中关于政体的思想,即一种新型的共和政体。这种新型共和政体以双重民主原则下的自治为核心,通过良好的政府治理模式来进行实际运作,它为我们提供了一个很好的借鉴。尽管公社自身的运作时间十分有限,其制度安排也没能达到最优化的效果,但其以人民自治为核心的治理精神却有着永恒的意义。
This article takes the search for the ideal political mode of operation as the breakthrough point. Through the analysis of the relevant discourse on the Paris Commune in Marx’s “French Civil War”, this article sums up and concludes Marx’s thought on the political system in the article, that is, a new type of republican government. This new type of republican government takes the autonomy under the principle of dual democracy as the core and realizes its operation through a good mode of government governance. It provides a good reference for us. Although the operation time of the commune itself is very limited and its institutional arrangement failed to achieve the optimal effect, the commune’s governing spirit centered on the people’s autonomy has its eternal significance.