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基因阻断技术近年来发展迅速。双链 RNA介导的、序列特异的转录后基因沉默的过程称为 RNAi(RNA interference)。它作为新兴的基因阻断技术 ,自 1998年发现到现在已有很大进展。迄今 ,在果蝇、线虫、锥虫、小鼠及哺乳动物中相继发现存在 RNAi现象。目前许多学者以果蝇、线虫为对象做了 RNAi的大量研究 ,并相继提出了其作用机制模型。RNAi可能是生物体中存在的一种普遍现象 ,代表了一古老的细胞反应通路。因此 RNAi有望成为今后分析人类基因组功能的有力工具 ,并可能用于基因的特异治疗
Gene blocking technology has developed rapidly in recent years. Double-stranded RNA mediated, sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing process known as RNAi (RNA interference). As a new gene blocking technology, it has been greatly improved since its discovery in 1998. So far, RNAi has been found in fruit flies, nematodes, trypanosomes, mice and mammals. At present, many scholars have done a lot of research on RNAi for Drosophila and Nematode, and have put forward their mechanism model. RNAi may be a common occurrence in organisms and represents an ancient cellular response pathway. RNAi is therefore expected to be a powerful tool for the future analysis of human genome function and may be used for gene-specific therapies