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探讨不同低氧训练模式对机体骨骼肌HIF-1αmRNA水平和蛋白水平表达的影响。6周龄SD雄性大鼠120只,经3周适应性训练和力竭实验筛选出90只,随机分成9组:常氧安静对照组、持续低氧安静组、间歇低氧安静组、低住低练耐力组、高住高练耐力组、高住低练耐力组、低住高练耐力组、高住高练后复氧训练组和高住低练后复氧训练组。采用常压低氧仓在13.6%的氧体积分数下(相当于海拔3 500 m的氧体积分数)进行低氧训练,根据血乳酸-速度曲线确定大鼠常氧训练的强度为35 m/min,低氧训练的强度为30 m/min。低氧训练持续时间为6周,每周训练5 d。其中,在第4周末进行运动能力测试,第5周末进行力竭测试,在第6周末的最后一次运动后休息48 h后处死,取材。采用实时荧光定量PCR、免疫组化、Western blot等技术测试大鼠骨骼肌HIF-1αmRNA水平和蛋白水平表达水平的变化,以进一步探讨低氧训练对骨骼肌HIF-1α表达的适应机制。结果显示,与低住低练组相比,高住高练组和高住低练骨骼肌HIF-1αmRNA表达有显著性升高(P<0.05);和常氧安静对照组相比,高住高练骨骼肌HIF-1αmRNA表达升高105%,有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);高住高练后复氧训练1周,大鼠骨骼肌HIF-1αmRNA表达有非常显著性降低(P<0.01),回到常氧安静对照组水平;高住低练后复氧训练1周,大鼠骨骼肌HIF-1αmRNA表达有显著性降低(P<0.05),回到常氧安静对照组水平。可得结论:高住高练、高住低练和持续低氧安静组骨骼肌HIF-1α表达都明显增强,而低住低练和低住高练变化不大,复氧训练后回到常氧安静水平。HIF-1α表达与低氧的程度和时间有明显的依存关系。
To investigate the effects of different hypoxic training modes on the expression of HIF-1αmRNA and protein in skeletal muscle of rats. A total of 120 SD male rats aged 6 weeks were selected and randomly divided into 9 groups: normoxia quiet group, continuous hypoxic-quiet group, intermittent hypoxic-quiet group, low-lying Low endurance training group, high living endurance training group, high living low endurance training group, low endurance training endurance training group, high living high after rehabilitative training group and high living low rehabilitative training group. Hypoxic training was performed using an atmospheric oxygen chamber at an oxygen volume fraction of 13.6% (corresponding to an oxygen volume fraction of 3,500 m above sea level). The intensity of normoxic training was determined to be 35 m / min based on the blood lactate-velocity curve , Hypoxia training intensity of 30 m / min. Hypoxic training duration of 6 weeks, training 5 days per week. Exercise test was performed at the end of the fourth week, exhaustive test was performed at the end of the fifth week, and then sacrificed 48 hours after the last exercise at the end of the sixth week. The changes of HIF-1α mRNA and protein expression in skeletal muscle of rats were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot to further investigate the adaptive mechanism of hypoxic training on the expression of HIF-1α in skeletal muscle. The results showed that the expression of HIF-1αmRNA in high-performance training group and high-training-practice low-skeletal muscle were significantly higher than those in low training group and low training group (P <0.05) There was a significant difference (P <0.01) between HIF-1αmRNA expression in high exercise training and 105% in skeletal muscle of high exercise training group (P <0.01) <0.01), returned to the level of normoxia quiet control group; HIF-1α mRNA expression in skeletal muscle significantly decreased (P <0.05), and returned to normal oxygen quiet control group . It can be concluded that the expression of HIF-1α in hippocampus, high-living-low training and continuous hypoxic-quiet group were significantly increased, while the low-lying low training and low-living training did not change much, and returned to normal after reoxygenation training Oxygen quiet level. HIF-1α expression and hypoxia have a significant degree of dependence and time.