麻疹又名“痧疹”或“出痧”,是一种传染性较强的呼吸道传染病。此病以发热、咳嗽、出疹为主要特征,在冬春季多发生于1—5岁的儿童(半岁以内及成人较少见)。患病一次一般可终身免疫。病因:病原体是麻疹病毒。病毒存在于患儿的鼻咽、眼结膜及血液等处,当咳嗽、喷嚏时,通过飞沫,吸入健康人呼吸道,造成发病。 Measles, also known as “measles” or “excrement”, is a highly contagious respiratory infection. The disease with fever, cough, rash as the main features in winter and spring, mostly in children aged 1-5 (less than half the age and adults less common). A general illness can be lifelong immunization. Etiology: The pathogen is a measles virus. The virus exists in the children’s nasopharynx, conjunctiva and blood, etc., when coughing, sneezing, through droplets, inhaled healthy human respiratory tract, causing the disease.