首先阐述了计算机硬件架构组成及其功能,基于冯·诺依曼型计算机体系结构,对现代计算机硬件组成架构进行了对比分析,分别分析了并行计算机和量子计算机的硬件组成架构。 Firstly, the composition of computer hardware architecture and its functions are expounded. Based on von Neumann computer architecture, the hardware structure of modern computer is compared and analyzed. The hardware composition of parallel computer and quantum computer are respectively analyzed.