论文部分内容阅读
目的分析某大型综合医院高龄住院患者医院感染现状,为预防和控制高龄患者医院感染提供科学依据。方法对2012年1月~2015年1月≥80岁高龄住院患者进行前瞻性监测,建立医院感染患者数据库,并进行统计分析。结果2012~2015年共监测住院患者8846例,总住院天数为165258天,发生医院感染944例、1454例次,医院感染率为10.67%、例次感染率为16.44%,日医院感染率5.71‰,日感染例次率8.80‰;医院感染率较高的前几位科室是外科ICU、神经内科、康复医学病区、呼吸内科、放射治疗科、神经外科、肾病科、血液科、肿瘤科;感染部位以呼吸系统为主,占49.66%,其次为泌尿系统,占24.62%,血液系统占14.79%;导致感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占59.54%,真菌和革兰阳性菌各占25.78%和14.68%。其中,呼吸系统病原菌主要以假单胞菌属、不动菌属为主,泌尿系统病原菌主要以念珠菌属、肠球菌和假单胞菌属为主,血液系统病原菌主要以葡萄球菌属为主。结论≥80岁高龄住院患者医院感染率较高,其医院感染防控工作应该作为医疗机构医院感染管理的重点内容,对重点部门、重点环节进行重点防控。
Objective To analyze the current status of nosocomial infection in hospitalized elderly patients in a large general hospital and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections in elderly patients. Methods From January 2012 to January 2015, patients aged ≥80 years were prospectively monitored, and a database of nosocomial infections was established and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 8846 inpatients were monitored during the period from 2012 to 2015, with a total hospital stay of 165258 days. There were 944 cases of hospital infection and 1,454 cases of hospital infection. The hospital infection rate was 10.67%, the case-infection rate was 16.44%, and the Japanese hospital infection rate was 5.71 ‰ , The rate of daily infection was 8.80 ‰; the first few departments with high hospital infection rate were surgical ICU, neurology, rehabilitation medical ward, respiratory medicine, radiotherapy, neurosurgery, nephrology, hematology and oncology; The infection area was mainly respiratory system, accounting for 49.66%, followed by urinary system accounting for 24.62% and blood system accounting for 14.79%. Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens causing infection, accounting for 59.54% Accounting for 25.78% and 14.68%. Among them, the respiratory pathogens are mainly Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter, urinary system pathogens are mainly Candida, enterococci and Pseudomonas genus, the main blood-borne pathogens to Staphylococcus . Conclusion The hospital infection rate of 80-year-old hospitalized patients is high, and the prevention and control of nosocomial infections should be regarded as the key content of hospital infection management in medical institutions. Key hospital departments and key links should be prevented and controlled.