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本文对昆明市区979名4-7岁儿童进行50项智力测验,同时对16种家庭环境因素作调查统计分析。结果表明:父母文化程度、职业、家庭教育和家庭人均收入等7种因素对儿童智力发育的影响均具有显著的统计学意义,尤其是前三种因素差异非常显著;低出生体重的早产儿对智力发育亦有明显影响。而父母生育年龄等因素仅在个别年龄组有统计学意义;体格发育及是否伴有贫血对智力发育影响无统计学意义。除上述因素外儿童智力发育还与父母对儿童的教育方法和关心程度等因素有关。
In this paper, we conducted 50 intelligence tests on 979 children aged 4-7 years in Kunming City, and investigated and analyzed 16 kinds of family environment factors at the same time. The results showed that seven kinds of factors, such as educational background of parents, occupation, family education and per capita income of the family, had significant statistical significance on the mental development of children, especially the difference of the first three factors was very significant; Mental development also has a significant impact. However, the factors such as the age at childbirth of the parents had statistical significance only in individual age groups. There was no significant difference between physical development and anemia on the mental development. In addition to the above factors, children’s mental development is also related to parents’ education methods and degree of concern to children.