书院自唐宋出现以来,就和中国新的学术、新的思潮联系在一起,显示出它于文化的创造性功能;而新的学术之所以能形成思潮,得为世人景从,则全赖其传播文化的功效。书院传播文化的主要途径和方式是教学、祭祀、刻书、藏书等。书院教学可分为两类,一类是对门徒、学生的,一类是对一般民众的,用现在的话讲,前者是专业教育,后者是社会教育。对学生施行教学的主要目的是培养学术传人,壮大队伍,使学术文化发扬光大,传之后世。新的学术文化要生存、延续和发展,必须有自己的传人。如同王安石借州县学与中央官学推行其《三经新义》一样,新儒学的大师们也充分认识 Since its appearance in the Tang and Song dynasties, the academy has been associated with the new academic and new thoughts in China and has shown its creative function in culture. The new academic has formed its own ideological trend, Dissemination of cultural effects. The main way and mode of spreading culture in college is teaching, sacrificial offering, engraving, collecting books and so on. College teaching can be divided into two categories, one for the disciples, students, one is for the general public, in the present case, the former is a professional education, the latter is a social education. The main purpose of teaching students is to cultivate academic descendants and strengthen the ranks so that the academic culture will flourish and be handed down. The new academic culture to survive, continue and develop, must have their own successors. Just as Wang Anshi borrowed prefectures and learned to carry out the “Three Sights and New Meanings” by the Central Government, the neo-Confucian masters also fully understood