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目的:研究热盐水灌胃导致大鼠萎缩性胃炎(CAG)胃粘膜组织细胞超微结构的变化,探讨长期热咸饮食与慢性萎缩性胃炎间的关系。方法:用热盐水灌胃(55℃,150g mL,2 5mL d)建立大鼠萎缩性胃炎动物模型。选取大鼠腺胃胃窦组织进行病理组织学检查,以扫描电镜观察胃粘膜上皮细胞超微结构的变化。结果:光镜下热盐水灌胃后第12周,大鼠胃粘膜出现腺体明显缩小,粘膜肌层的平滑肌呈束状增生插入粘膜固有层中。腺体上1 3至2 3腺上皮萎缩,腺管腔增宽,胃小凹颈部粘膜宽度变窄。扫描电镜见正常组大鼠胃粘膜被纵横交错的小沟分隔成许多胃小区,呈网状,胃小凹(胃腺开口)壁衬有圆形或椭圆形上皮细胞,体积基本一致,有短而稀的微绒毛。上皮细胞排列规则,被覆一薄层连续的粘液。热盐水组大鼠在12周时见胃粘膜细胞表面粗糙,粘膜表面糜烂、扁平;在32周时见胃粘膜细胞萎缩、腺腔直径增大、细胞表面破溃,并见纤维性渗出。结论:热盐水灌胃可引起胃粘膜上皮细胞损害,长期过咸及过热刺激可能会诱发萎缩性胃炎。
Objective: To study the changes of ultrastructure of gastric mucosa in rats with atrophic gastritis (CAG) induced by hot salt water and to explore the relationship between chronic hot and salty diet and chronic atrophic gastritis. Methods: The animal models of atrophic gastritis were established by intragastric administration of hot saline (55 ℃, 150g mL, 25mL d). The gastric adenoid tissue was selected for histopathological examination, and the ultrastructure of gastric mucosal epithelial cells was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: In the twelfth week after heat saline irrigation, the glandular mucosa of rats appeared to shrink significantly, and the smooth muscle of mucosal muscle layer was inserted into lamina propria of lamina propria. On the gland, 13 to 23 glandular epithelial atrophy, enlargement of the glandular lumen, and narrowing of the mucosa of the gullet neck. Scanning electron microscopy showed normal gastric mucosa was divided into many small intestine cross-shaped small area of gastric cells, reticular, stomach concave (gastric gland opening) lined with circular or oval epithelial cells, the volume is basically the same, there are short and Thin microvilli. Epithelial cells arranged regularly, covered with a thin layer of continuous mucus. The rats in the hot salt water group showed rough gastric mucosal cells at 12 weeks. The mucosal surface was eroded and flattened. At 32 weeks, the gastric mucosal cells were atrophied, and the diameter of the gland cavity was enlarged. The surface of the cells was ruptured and the fibrous exudation was seen. CONCLUSION: Hot saline can cause damage to gastric mucosal epithelial cells. Chronic salty and over-heat stimulation may induce atrophic gastritis.