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国家赔偿,是指国家对国家机关及其工作人员行使职权的行为给他人合法权益造成损害所承担的赔偿责任。①在我国,国家赔偿分为行政赔偿和司法赔偿。与此相对应,我国也建立了行政赔偿监督和司法赔偿监督。行政赔偿司法救济程序实质就是行政诉讼,根据行政诉讼法第十条规定,检察机关有权对行政诉讼进行监督。根据国家赔偿法第三十条规定,检察机关主要通过监督人民法院赔偿委员会(以下简称“赔委会”)赔偿决定的方式对司法赔偿行使法律监督权。
State compensation refers to the state’s liability for compensation for damage caused to the legitimate rights and interests of others by the state authorities and their staff exercising their powers. In our country, state compensation is divided into administrative compensation and judicial compensation. Correspondingly, our country also established administrative compensation supervision and judicial compensation supervision. The judicial remedy procedure of administrative compensation is essentially an administrative lawsuit. According to Article 10 of the Administrative Procedure Law, procuratorial organs have the power to supervise administrative lawsuits. Pursuant to Article 30 of the State Compensation Law, procuratorial organs exercise the right of legal supervision over judicial compensation by supervising the compensation decisions of the People’s Courts (hereinafter referred to as “compensation committees”).