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目的:车轮型面磨耗和加工误差导致轮对两侧车轮的轮径不同。本文旨在探讨不同幅值和分布形式的轮径差对道岔区轮轨接触几何、轮轨法向接触性能和车辆通过道岔动力响应的影响规律,提出保证车辆通过道岔时的安全性和舒适性的轮径差限值。创新点:通过数值仿真,分析轮径差对道岔区轮轨接触性能和轮轨动态相互作用的影响。方法:1.基于迹线法,揭示轮径差对道岔区轮轨接触几何的影响。2.通过建立轮轨接触有限元计算模型,探讨轮径差对轮轨法向接触性能的影响。3.通过建立车辆-道岔耦合动力学模型,综合考虑在不同幅值和分布形式的轮径差激励下,车辆通过道岔的轮轨动态相互作用、运行舒适性和磨耗指数评价指标,提出轮径差限值。结论:1.轮径差加剧了道岔区固有结构不平顺。2.轮径差通过改变轮载过渡位置,对尖轨上的轮轨法向接触性能有较大影响。3.可根据轮径差幅值将轮径差对道岔区轮轨动力响应的影响划分为三个区域:轮径差小于1.5 mm时,轮缘与尖轨提前接触使轮轨横向力快速增大;轮径差在1.5~2.5 mm时,等值同相轮径差使车辆通过道岔失稳;轮径差大于2.5 mm时,轮缘与尖轨的持续接触增强了车辆稳定性,但增加了轮轨磨耗。4.建议将轮径差控制在2.5 mm以内,且应控制同相分布轮径差小于2 mm。
Purpose: Wheel surface wear and machining errors lead to different wheel diameters on both sides of the wheelset. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of different wheel diameters on the wheel-rail contact geometry, the normal contact between wheel and rail and the dynamic response of the vehicle passing through the turnout with different amplitude and distribution. The safety and comfort of the vehicle passing through the turnout Wheel diameter difference limit. Innovative point: Through numerical simulation, the effect of wheel diameter difference on wheel-rail contact performance and wheel-rail dynamic interaction in turnout area is analyzed. Method: 1. Based on the trace method, reveal wheel radius difference on the turnout contact wheel rail geometry. Through the establishment of the wheel-rail contact finite element model, discusses the wheel diameter difference on the wheel-rail normal contact performance. Through the establishment of the vehicle-turnout coupling dynamic model, considering the wheel-rail dynamic interaction, running comfort and wear index evaluation index of the turnout with different amplitude and distribution of wheel diameter difference, the wheel radius The difference limit. Conclusion: 1. The difference of wheel diameter exacerbated the inherent structure of turnout area is not smooth. Wheel diameter difference By changing the wheel load transition position, the rail wheel rail on the normal contact performance has a greater impact. According to the difference of wheel diameter, the influence of wheel diameter difference on the wheel-rail dynamic response of turnout area can be divided into three regions: when wheel diameter difference is less than 1.5 mm, When the wheel diameter difference is between 1.5 and 2.5 mm, the equivalent wheel diameter difference causes the vehicle to buckle through the turnout. When the wheel diameter difference is more than 2.5 mm, the continuous contact between the wheel rim and the sharp rail enhances the vehicle stability, but adds the wheel Rail wear. 4. It is recommended to control the wheel diameter difference within 2.5 mm, and should control the wheel diameter difference distribution is less than 2 mm.