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所谓遥感,就是用探测设备从遥远的地方感知物质和它运动的一种技术。从卫星或飞机上用仪器主动地对地物发射电磁波,然后利用传感器接收地物反射回来的电磁波,以了解物质性质的方法,叫主动遥感,如侧视雷达等;利用传感器被动地接收地物发射、反射或散射的各种电磁波,以了解物质性质的方法,叫被动遥感,如红外扫描、多波段摄影等。遥感所使用的运载工具,主要是飞机和卫星两种,少数用火箭与气球。美国1973年发射的天空实验室,也承担资源遥感工作。飞机在地球大气层航行,叫航空遥感;人造卫星在地球大气层以外航行,叫航天遥感。由于组成各种物质内部结构的原子和分子的数目和形态不同,它们所对应的能级不同,其电磁波谱特
So-called remote sensing is a technique of using sensing equipment to perceive matter and motion from a distant place. From the satellite or aircraft with the instrument to actively launch objects on the electromagnetic waves, and then use the sensor to receive objects reflected electromagnetic waves back to understand the nature of the material method, called active remote sensing, such as side-looking radar; the use of passive sensors to receive objects Various electromagnetic waves emitted, reflected or scattered to understand the nature of the material, called passive remote sensing, such as infrared scanning, multi-band photography. The vehicles used for remote sensing are mainly two types of aircraft and satellites, with a few using rockets and balloons. The sky laboratory launched by the United States in 1973 also undertakes remote sensing of resources. Plane sailing in the Earth’s atmosphere, called airborne remote sensing; artificial satellites in the earth beyond the atmosphere, called aerospace remote sensing. Due to the different structures and numbers of atoms and molecules that make up the internal structure of various materials, their corresponding energy levels are different. Their electromagnetic spectrum