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目的了解流动工人职业健康监护情况,分析流动工人职业健康监护中存在的问题,为相关部门对流动工人的管理提供参考。方法对深圳市龙岗街道在有职业病危害企业工作的1 200名流动工人进行现场问卷调查,对调查数据进行统计分析。结果流动工人上岗前、在岗期间职业健康检查率分别为17.1%、57.3%;流动工人职业健康监护率远低于固定工人;职业健康检查费用以用人单位支付为主。结论流动工人职业健康监护状况不容乐观,应加大职业健康监护监督力度;职业健康检查双重标准现象突出,应规范企业用工制度;健康检查费用未能全部实现由用人单位承担,应调整工伤保险的工作机制。
Objective To understand the occupational health supervision of migrant workers and to analyze the problems existing in occupational health monitoring of migrant workers so as to provide reference for the management of migrant workers in relevant departments. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1,200 migrant workers who work in occupational hazards in Longgang Subdistrict, Shenzhen, and conducted statistical analysis on the survey data. Results Before the migrant workers started their posts, occupational health check-up rates were 17.1% and 57.3% respectively. The occupational health monitoring rate of migrant workers was far lower than that of regular workers. The occupational health examination expenses were mainly paid by employing units. Conclusion The status of occupational health supervision in migrant workers is not optimistic. Occupational health supervision and supervision should be strengthened. The double standard of occupational health examination is prominent, and the employment system of enterprises should be standardized. If the cost of health examination can not be fully assumed by the employer, the occupational injury insurance should be adjusted Working Mechanism.