马克思主义基本原理作为完整的理论体系,有着产生发展的过程,市民社会批判为我们考察这个过程提供了恰当的视角。通过市民社会批判,马克思不仅认识到经济利益关系的基础性地位,初步表述了生产力决定生产关系、经济基础决定上层建筑的社会历史规律;而且通过发现劳动力成为商品,厘清了资本主义社会与简单商品经济社会的区别,发展完善了剩余价值理论。对市民社会在资本主义生产方式中所具有的异化辩证法的发现,马克思从主客体两个层面论证了人类解放的现实性。 As a complete theoretical system, the basic principles of Marxism have the process of generating development. The criticism of civil society provided an appropriate perspective for us to examine this process. Through the critique of civil society, Marx not only recognized the basic status of economic interests, initially stated the productive forces determine the relations of production, the economic foundation determines the superstructure of social history and law; and found that the labor force into commodities, clarified the capitalist society and simple commodities The difference between economic and social development and improvement of the theory of surplus value. On the discovery of the alienation dialectics that the civil society possessed in the capitalist mode of production, Marx demonstrated the reality of human liberation from the two aspects of the subject and the object.