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我国幅员辽阔,自然条件复杂,泥炭资源比较丰富。北起黑龙江,南至海南岛,东濒滨海大陆架,西至西藏高原,泥炭分布广而零散,且裸露泥炭多于埋藏泥炭。裸露泥炭集中分布在大小兴安岭、长白山、三江平原、若尔盖高原、云贵高原西部、新疆的博斯腾湖滨以及西藏高原南部;埋藏泥炭主要分布在东部和南部沿海平原、长江中下游平原、华北平原、华中与华南的低山丘陵、云贵高原等地。本文根据一些泥炭矿点的考察和分析化验资料,对我国泥炭的组成、特性以及全新世以来泥炭的形成和发育初步探讨如下。
Our country has a vast territory, complex natural conditions and rich peat resources. From Heilongjiang in the north, to Hainan Island in the south, and the coastal shelf to the east, to the Tibetan Plateau in the west, the peat is widely distributed and scattered, with exposed peat more than buried peat. Bare peat concentrated in the size of Xinganling, Changbai Mountain, Sanjiang Plain, west of the Ruoergai Plateau, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Bosten Lake in Xinjiang and southern Tibet Plateau; buried peat mainly in the eastern and southern coastal plains, the Yangtze River plain, the North China Plain, Central China and South China’s hilly, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and other places. Based on the investigation and analysis of some peat mines, this paper discussed the composition and characteristics of peat and the formation and development of peat since the Holocene.