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以郑单958为试验材料,研究不同播期对春玉米生长发育、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,播期对拔节期至大喇叭口期单株叶面积、株高影响较大,4月27日和5月6日播期处理株高、单株叶面积大于其他处理;4月19日播期处理开花前干物质积累量(DMA)高于其他处理,开花后导致早衰;5月25日播期处理开花前和开花后DMA均小于其他处理;5月7日播种的玉米产量最高;早播(4月19日)处理百粒重比5月7日播种低9.91%;晚播(5月25日)处理百粒重和穗粒数分别比5月7日播种降低11.27%和13.53%。相关分析表明,不同播期处理玉米产量、脂肪含量分别与日照时数、积温(≥10℃)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),蛋白质含量与日照时数、积温(≥10℃)、降雨量呈极显著负相关(r=-0.798、r=-0.750、r=-0.724)。5月7日播期处理玉米子粒中淀粉和营养成分总含量最高,分别达72.10%和84.60%,为最佳播种日期。
Taking Zhengdan 958 as experimental material, the effects of different sowing dates on the growth, yield and quality of spring maize were studied. The results showed that sowing date had a significant effect on plant leaf area and plant height at jointing stage to boll opening stage. The plant height and leaf area per plant were sowed on April 27 and May 6. April 19 The day before sowing treatment before flowering dry matter accumulation (DMA) higher than other treatments, flowering lead to premature aging; May 25 sowing before flowering and after flowering DMA were less than other treatments; May 7 sowing the highest yield of corn ; Early sowing (April 19) treatment of 100-grain weight 9.91% lower than the May 7 sowing; late sowing (May 25) treatment of 100-grain weight and grain number per plant were reduced by 11.27% and May 7 13.53%. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation (P <0.01) between maize yield and fat content at different sowing dates and sunshine hours and accumulated temperature (≥10 ℃), and the correlation between protein content and sunshine duration, accumulated temperature (≥10 ℃) Rainfall was significantly negatively correlated (r = -0.798, r = -0.750, r = -0.724). The total content of starch and nutrients in sowing seeds on May 7 was the highest, reaching 72.10% and 84.60% respectively, which was the best seeding date.