消烟助燃剂能有效减少碳烟等污染物的生成，它在各种燃烧装置上都得到了广泛的应用。消烟助燃剂包括有灰型和无灰型两大类．有灰剂效果较好，应用最广，其中碱金属、碱土金属和第四周期副族金属是比较有效的消烟助燃剂功能元素，它们通过抑制碳烟生成或催化碳烟燃烧而减少成烟排放。有灰剂存在二次污染的可能，选择无毒金属、减少金属用量可以防止或减少二次污染。而无灰型消烟助燃剂既能消除碳烟，又不会造成二次污染，因此是消烟助燃剂发展的必然趋势． Smoke suppressants can effectively reduce the generation of soot and other pollutants, it has been widely used in a variety of combustion devices. Smoke and fire retardants include ash and ashless two categories. There are better and more widely used ashes. Among them, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and the fourth cycle of subgroup metals are the most effective functional elements of smoke-suppressing combustion improvers. They reduce smoking by inhibiting soot formation or catalytic soot combustion emission. There is the possibility of secondary pollution of the ash, the choice of non-toxic metals, reducing the amount of metal can prevent or reduce secondary pollution. The ash-free smoke-free combustion accelerant can both eliminate soot, but also will not cause secondary pollution, it is the inevitable trend of the development of smoke-suppressants.