美国著名作家克劳德·麦凯在1940年写了一本描写住在纽约哈莱姆的黑人的苦难生活的书:《哈莱姆:黑人的首都》。在美国黑人心目中,哈莱姆也确是他们的“首都”。哈莱姆是在1658年荷兰人移民时建立的,那时候哈莱姆还只是一个农村。十九世纪后,哈莱姆就逐渐形成美国最大的黑人聚居区和美国最大的贫民窟。它位于纽约市曼哈顿区第110号大街到168号大 In 1940, Claude Mackay, a famous American writer, wrote a book describing the misery life of blacks living in Haarlem, New York: “Haarlem: the capital of the Negro.” In the eyes of Afro-Americans, Haarlem is indeed their “capital.” Haarlem was established in 1658 when the Dutch immigrants, when Harlem was just a rural. After the nineteenth century, Harlem gradually formed the largest black colony in the United States and the largest slum in the United States. It is located in Manhattan, New York City, 110th Avenue to 168 large