ZIF-8@PDMAPMA复合材料的构筑及其性能研究

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采用分步法(路线Ⅰ)和一步法(路线Ⅱ和路线Ⅲ)分别合成了金属有机框架(MOFs)/高分子复合材料(ZIF-8@PDMAPMA),并采用粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和热重分析(TGA)等对其进行了表征.ZIF-8@PDMAPMA复合材料由高分子柔性链包覆ZIF-8晶体颗粒形成核壳纳米颗粒,探讨了不同合成方法对其形貌的影响.ZIF-8@PDMAPMA纳米颗粒呈球状或类似ZIF-8晶体形状轮廓.反应体系中单体、有机配体以及反应过程中形成的高分子链均具有乳化作用,实现了对复合纳米材料粒径及其分布的有效控制,粒径仅50 nm,且分布均一.高分子柔性链对MOFs晶体颗粒的有效包裹导致ZIF-8@PDMAPMA对N2吸附能力减弱.ZIF-8@PDMAPMA亲水性明显增强,从而使其在水中的分散性和稳定性得到明显改善,且粒径分布均一.同时,实现了ZIF-8@PDMAPMA对苯扎氯铵的有效负载和可控释放,最大负载量达到0.05 g/g,且释放率达到82%.动力学模拟结果显示,复合材料内部的ZIF-8的孔隙和表面的高分子柔性链对苯扎氯铵具有多层吸附行为.高分子柔性链与刚性MOFs晶体有效结合,极大地改善了MOFs在水相中的稳定性,并将进一步拓宽其应用范围和领域.
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