1 赛前心理准备 1.1 心理准备的意义 运动员在参加重大比赛前需要做好多方面的准备,包括身体机能、技术、战术和心理的准备。 比赛的关键时刻,运动员心理状态的稳定性直接关系着比赛的胜负,在临近比赛前,运动员的体力和技术、战术都不会有太大的变化,但情绪的变化却显而易见,一些微小的因素,有时也会引起运动员情绪的变化,所以赛前做好心理准备,控制情绪的稳定性,对运动员来说尤其重要。据报道世界优秀运动员曾谈到,平时主要是技术和体力上的准备,赛前90％是心理上的准备。从国内外许多心理科研人员对运动员比赛情况的调查分析中也可看到,比赛中技术水平发挥不好的运动员,由于心理准备不足而造成的失败约为70％,因为训练水平、技术准备不足而造 1 Psychological Preparation before the Games 1.1 The Significance of Psychological Preparation Athletes need to prepare in many aspects before participating in a major competition, including body functions, techniques, tactics and psychology. At the crucial moment of the competition, the stability of athlete’s mental state is directly related to the outcome of the competition. Before the match, the athlete’s physical strength, technique and tactics will not change much. However, the change of emotions is obvious. Some minor Factors, and sometimes also cause changes in the emotional players, so good psychological preparation before the game, to control emotional stability, especially important for athletes. It has been reported that some of the best sportsmen in the world have mentioned that usually they are mostly technical and physical preparations, and 90% of them are mentally prepared. Many psychologists at home and abroad can also see from the investigation and analysis of athletes’ competitions that the athletes who have not played well in the competition have about 70% failure due to inadequate psychological preparation because the training level and the lack of technical preparation And made