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目的：分析大容量肺灌洗（ＷＬＬ）治疗尘肺术后５５例低氧血症发生的有关因素，以期降低其发生率。方法：对众多因素分组进行对照研究，采用ｔ检验分析，找出并分析低氧血症原因。结果：易发生低氧血症的因素有：①年龄大；②尘肺病严重；③煤矽肺；④肥胖；⑤有合并症；⑥术中操作不当：双腔管就位不当，残留量大，灌洗液漏溢；⑦双肺同期灌洗。结论：进行ＷＬＬ时，对上述因素应予重视，术后应常规测定动脉血氧分压（ＰａＯ２）及动脉血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ２），以及时诊断低氧血症。采取氧疗，促进肺泡活性物质（ＰＳ）合成、分泌，解除支气管痉挛等措施，以期降低低氧血症的发生率。
Objective: To analyze the related factors of 55 cases of hypoxemia after large-capacity lung lavage (WLL) treatment of pneumoconiosis with a view to reduce its incidence. Methods: A number of factors were grouped in a controlled study, using t test analysis to identify and analyze the causes of hypoxemia. Results: The factors prone to hypoxemia are: ① older; ② pneumoconiosis; ③ coal silicosis; ④ obesity; ⑤ complications; ⑥ intraoperative improper operation: improper placement of double-lumen tube, residual large, Lavage fluid overflow; ⑦ lungs lavage the same period. Conclusion: When WLL is performed, the above factors should be taken seriously. PaO2 and SaO2 should be routinely measured after operation, and hypoxemia should be timely diagnosed. Take oxygen therapy, promote alveolar active substance (PS) synthesis, secretion, relieve bronchospasm and other measures, in order to reduce the incidence of hypoxemia.