静电学是电磁学中最古老的、也是发展最早的学科,它的发展经历了一个“从天上到人间,从定性到定量”的发展过程.一、天上雷电人类很早就注意到了天上的雷电现象,但是,由于古代人对自然现象的认识不够,总是将令人吃惊的“雷电”和天上的神明联系在一起.公元前3500年,在底格里斯河和幼发拉底河流域,也就是今天的伊拉克一带,古代的苏美尔人就已 Electrostatics is the oldest electromagnetism, but also the earliest disciplines of development, its development has undergone a “from heaven to earth, from qualitative to quantitative” development process, the sky thunder and lightning humans have long been aware of the sky However, since the ancients did not know enough of the natural phenomena, they always linked the surprising “Thunderbolt” with the gods of heaven. In 3500 BC, in the Tigris and Euphrates watersheds, today Iraq, the ancient Sumerians just