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断层在地质剖面上的表现是使地层厚度和层间距发生变化,通常情况下受正断层的影响会使地层缺失,从而导致地层的层间距(或厚度)减小;而受逆断层的影响则会造成地层重复,使层间距(或厚度)变大。因此通过研究相邻钻孔之间测井曲线在横向和纵向的形态变化规律,根据标志层的缺失与重复进而对断层位置、性质、断距大小作出准确判断。而确定断层存在的关键是要找准标志层,标志层的准确性代表了成果的可靠性。实例表明,利用常规测井曲线如视电阻率、散射伽马伽马和自然伽马曲线在煤、岩层对比中的响应规律,可识别出反映局部地段地层的沉积规律及特征,并依据其特殊标志准确的划定断层性质。
Faults behave in a geological profile that change the thickness and spacing of strata. Normally, faults are affected by normal faults, resulting in the loss of strata (or thickness), and the influence of thrust faults The formation will repeat, so that the spacing (or thickness) larger. Therefore, through the study of the morphological changes of the logging curves between adjacent boreholes in the horizontal and vertical directions, accurate judgment of the fault location, nature and fault distance according to the absence and repetition of the flagging layer is made. The key to determine the existence of fault is to identify the sign layer, sign layer accuracy represents the reliability of the results. The examples show that the regularities and characteristics of the sediments reflecting the local stratigraphy can be identified by using the response rules of conventional well logging curves such as apparent resistivity, scattered gamma ray gamma ray and natural gamma ray curve in the contrast of coal and rock strata. The mark accurately delineates the nature of faults.