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森林水文生态效益的实际计量和经济评价,目前在我国还是一个新的研究领域。作者对此提出了一个开展工作的体系,它包括三种不同水平(或范畴)的研究路线和技术系统:(一)以全国或省(区)为对象的大范围计量分析,可同林业区划和一类森林资源清查结合起来,对林业发展进行战略性论证;(二)以林业局(林区)或林场等森林经营企业为对象的实地计量调查,要具体落实到地块,目标在于建立能够充分发挥森林水文生态效益的林业经营系统;(三)以不同小流域或有代表性的森林群落为对象,进行定位观测研究,为计量评价工作提供科学的参数。文中对每个水平(或范畴)都举出了实例,表明它们能彼此补充,互相验证,共同构成整个森林水文生态效益计量体系。
The actual measurement and economic evaluation of forest hydrological ecological benefits are still a new research field in our country at present. The author proposes a working system, which includes three different levels (or categories) of research routes and technical systems: (a) a nationwide or provincial (area) as the object of a large-scale econometric analysis, with the division of forestry And a type of forest inventory together to make a strategic demonstration of the development of forestry; (2) The field measurement survey targeting forest management enterprises such as forestry bureaus (forests) or forestry farms should be concretely implemented into plots with the objective of establishing (2) The forestry management system that can give full play to the ecological benefits of the forest hydrology; (3) Targeted observation and research work is conducted in different small watersheds or representative forest communities to provide scientific parameters for the measurement and evaluation work. Examples are given for each level (or category), indicating that they complement each other and validate each other to form a system for measuring the overall hydrological benefits of forests.