海洋渔业是国民经济的组成部分,搞好渔业生产对支援社会主义四化建设意义重大。渔场海况速报,是一项旨为渔业生产和国民经济建设服务的工作,为同期渔情预报给出有关依据,是其目的之一。就海洋、水产科研等部门而言,提供准确、及时、应用方便、短期见效的海况速报,为渔业生产服务,是一个日趋重要的课题。本着改革和开拓的新形势,对进一步建立渔场海况速报网,为我省海洋渔业服务等问题,拟提出下列建议。 一、建网的必要性 浙江近海渔场地处中纬度,是东海大陆架的一部分,南起北纬27°00′,北迄北纬31°00′,渔场面积约15万平方公里。浙江近海自然环境优越,渔业资源丰富,历史年产量达万吨以上的主要经济鱼类有17种;其中年产量达10万吨以上的鱼种有带鱼、马面魨等。浙江近海渔场四季主要汛期有:春、夏大黄鱼汛和乌贼汛;秋、冬鲐鯵鱼汛和带鱼汛。近年冬季带鱼汛投产机帆船达2600余对,总产量近28万吨,是我国规模最大的渔汛之一。 浙江省海洋渔业生产,春夏捕捞产卵、索饵鱼群;秋冬捕捞索饵及越冬过路鱼群。汛期的形成除受鱼虾类本身的生理特性支配外,还与海洋环境密切相关。故环境因子水温、盐度、潮流、饵料生物及风、气温、降水等的分布和变化,都与四季汛期进展有关。为了海洋渔业生产之需要? Marine fishery is an integral part of the national economy. To improve fishery production is of great significance in supporting the building of the socialist four modernizations. It is one of the purposes of this report to provide a basis for the forecast of fishery conditions over the same period. As far as the marine and fisheries scientific research departments are concerned, it is an increasingly important issue to provide an accurate, timely, convenient and short-term report on the state of the sea conditions and serve the fishery production. In the light of the new situation of reform and opening up, it is proposed to set forth the following suggestions on the further establishment of a fishery sea-state speeding news network and the provision of marine fishery services in our province. The Necessity of Establishing Network Zhejiang offshore fishery is located in middle latitude and is a part of the continental shelf of the East China Sea. It starts from latitude 27 ° 00 ’north, latitude 31 ° 00’ north and covers an area of ​​about 150,000 square kilometers. There are 17 major economic fishes with an annual output of more than 10,000 tons in history. Among them, the species of fish with annual output of more than 100,000 tons include octopus, horse-faced pomfret and so on. The main flood seasons of Zhejiang offshore fisheries in the four seasons are: spring and summer floods of large yellow croaker and floods of squid; autumn and winter floods of floodwaters and octopus. In recent years, more than 2,600 pairs of sailboats have been put into operation in winter, bringing the total output to nearly 280,000 tons, making it one of the largest fishing floods in China. Zhejiang Province, marine fisheries production, spring and summer fishing spawning, bait fish; autumn and winter fishing bait and overwintering fish. In addition to the formation of flood season by the physiological characteristics of fish and shrimp itself dominated, but also with the marine environment is closely related. Therefore, the distribution and change of environmental factors such as water temperature, salinity, tidal current, food organisms and wind, temperature and precipitation are all related to the progress of flood season in the seasons. For marine fishery production needs?