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以衡阳市为例,运用偏离度指数及问卷调查等方法,研究了地方性中心城市就业与居住的空间匹配状况。研究结果表明:从宏观视角来看,衡阳市就业—居住匹配关系具有较强的片区规律性,核心区雁峰区、蒸湘区就业功能逐渐增强,而石鼓区和珠晖区居住功能日益强化。从微观视角来看,衡阳市珠晖区居民就业与居住地之间的平均距离为3.33km,通勤时间一般在30min以内,通勤方式以步行、电动车、公交车为主,与北上广等一线城市相比还未出现严重的职居分离现象。从社会经济属性来看,年龄在50岁以上、职业为公务员、有单位分房或文化程度较低的群体就业—居住空间匹配状况较好,而家庭规模大、学历高、企业员工等容易产生职住空间分离。
Taking Hengyang City as an example, this paper studies the spatial matching of employment and residence in the endemic central cities by means of deviation index and questionnaire survey. The results show that from a macro perspective, employment-residence matching has a strong regularity in Hengyang City. The employment function in Yanfeng District and Zhengxiang District in the core area is gradually strengthened, while the residential functions in Shigu District and Zhuhui District are increasingly strengthen. From a microscopic point of view, the average distance between employment and residence of residents in Zhuhui District of Hengyang City is 3.33km, the commuting time is generally within 30min, the commuting methods are mainly walking, electric vehicles and buses, Compared to the city has not yet appeared a serious separation of occupations. From the perspective of socio-economic attributes, those aged above 50 years are employed as civil servants, and those with decentralized units or those with lower education levels have better employment status - the living space is better matched and the family size is larger, the academic qualification is higher, and the employees of enterprises are likely to produce The separation of working and living space.